Saturday, April 19, 2025

READING IN THE CONTENT AREA - Science, History, Poetry


 “Forced Landings:” “Metrical Markers Indicating Depressions Made in the Familiar Earth After Attempts to Ride Pegasus Through the Starlit Skies of Poesy” by Noble Warrum is a poetry book that I found among my family’s old books.  The book has both a historical significance to the State of Utah and at the same time, it is a family memento.

The author, Noble Warrum, was a member the State of Utah’s Constitutional Convention in 1895 and at Mr. Warrum’s death; he was one of the last surviving signers of the Utah Constitution.  He was an editorial writer for the “Logan Journal,” “The Salt Lake Herald,” and the “Salt Lake Tribune.”  He published a four volume history of Utah in 1898, which is titled “Utah Since Statehood.”  In 1923, he published “Utah and the World War.”  In 1936, he published this book of poetry that I am reviewing.  Noble Warrum’s history books are available to read and to download on the Internet Archive.  As for the poetry book, even though the book is rare, copies can be found from used book sellers for an average price of $15. Some library archives might have a copy of it.    

My great grandmother’s family and Noble Warrum’s family were friends.  Inside my copy of the book, Warrum Noble signed the book and presented it as a gift to my great grandmother in Salt Lake City – Christmas 1936; the publisher had printed a Limited Edition in 1936 with an imprint that One Thousand Copies of This Book Have Been Printed of Which This is Number: and Mr. Noble wrote the number 35.  His wife, Josephine Grissom Warrum also signed the book.  Apparently, this happened at the Tribune Building.  This book “award” appeared as a newspaper article, which summarized Noble Warrum's book of poems by saying:

“His poems treat a variety of subjects, and many are humorous with a delicacy that does not require either dialect or undue slang to produce the desired effect.  There are several which deal with a vacation trip to Idaho, one a tribute to the Snake River, from which we quote:” 


SNAKE RIVER

(The news article just picked out one verse, but I am quoting the entire poem)

“Rising in mammoth springs near Yellowstone Park, Snake river dashes over picturesque cascades as it flows thru southern Idaho irrigating millions of fertile acres, once a vast desert of decomposed lava; supplying mines and municipalities with power and light; replenishing its volume from countless springs that line its winding course of the thousand miles to where it helps form the Columbia river in eastern Oregon.  Near the source of the north fork, at the Flat Rock Fishing Club, these lines were written in 1921.


In ages gone an ocean dire,

With lurid wave of liquid fire,

Swept o’er the vale and left for dead

Dame Nature on a torture bed;

No cooling draft her thirst to slake

Till came the river called

                         The Snake.


It braves unto this day the curse

Which threatens Nature and her nurse,

And bears elixir, cool and sweet,

To fever wards from drouth and heat

Where drooping verdure keeps awake

To greet the river called

                          The Snake.


From crystal springs, it’s alpine source,

Thru sylvan hills it takes a course,

With graceful and majestic mien

To peaceful valleys where, serene,

It oft lies tranquil as a lake –

This mighty River called

                            The Snake.


At times it rushes, trips and falls

Thru broken gates in lava walls,

As if escaping with the gems

It plucks from mountain diadems

Frail tillers of the soil to stake

Beside the stream they call

                             The Snake.


From rainbow treasures, we are told,

It carries pots of liquid gold

An pours them out with lavish hand

Upon an erstwhile desert land;

More prodigal than royal rake –

This princely stream they call

                              The Snake.


As wrought the alchemists of yore

To change the tints and forms of ore

It transmutes silver banks of snow

To golden fields of grain below

Which, minted in the markets, make

The coin of thrift along 

                               The Snake.


From countless tiny mountain rills

It gathers force for mines and mills,

And in the darkness of the night

Its spirit speaks, and there is light;

All this it does, and for the sake

Of those who call this boon 

                               The Snake.


Along its course – a thousand miles –

It flashes back a million smiles;

And songs of industry it sings,

With chorus of a thousand springs

To happy home along its wake,

Whose dwellers call this stream

                                The Snake.”


From the Forward:

'All my attempts to ride the winged steed, Pegasus, through ethereal realms of Fancy have resulted in “forced landings.” These rhymes which I have never designated otherwise are not printed with any illusions concerning transcendent merit or insistent demands.  Their composition has been a sort of harmless dissipation, indulged occasionally to rid the mind of persisting jingles and leave it free for more practical and profitable exercise.  After all, one must eat.'

     This collection is dedicated to my wife, Josephine Grissom Warrum, who is hereby absolved from all responsibility for imperfections therein found.”  Salt Lake City, Dec. 25, 1936  N.W.


TITLES OF THE POEMS

Somewhere, Sweetheart

Song of Sixpence

Fairweather Friends

The Country Dance

Whence and Whither

Life’s Game of Bridge

Seaside Dreams

That Sweet Smile

An Old Love Song

An Angel Always

The Goodnight Kiss

Dreams of Dawn

Woman of My Dreams

Love, Life, Logic

House on a Hill

Your Castle

From Peak to Peak

Little Things

When is Age?

Knights of the Day

Brotherhood and the Graces

Vanished Dreams

Birthday Greetings

Jealousy’s Monologue

Age of Miracles

Poe Cats

Now Tell Us Why

Motion Emotion

Drama of Creation

Man’s Enduring Monument

Wisdom of the Snake

Arrival of Moses

Two Unsolved Mysteries

Story of the Flood

The Hand of Jacob

Harlot of Jericho

What a Man?

The Good Samaritan

Joab and Modern Successors

Reincarnation

Scout Benevolence

Epitaph of a Journalist

Human Vultures

Pests of Earth

Life’s Repertoire

Wizard of the Wasatch

Ho! For Idaho!

Snake River

Night in Targhee Forest

Camp in Yellowstone

Motoring on the Way

Sense, Scents and Incense

Quaking Aspens

My Old Dog “Feller”

Little Brown Chow

Wire Haired Terrier

Dogs and Others

“Good Ship Esperanza”

A Picture Land

Realm of Romance

Fall of Saint Anthony

Un Bocito Campesino

Strained Relations

The Garden of Allure

Gathering of the Ghosts

Outward and Onward

What Say the Stars

An Old Man’s Reverie

The Sleeping Woman

Taxco is Her Tomb

Our Melting Pot

The World in Small

Ships That Pass By Night

Catalina Cruising

Sailing on the “Stranger”

Clues Found on the Wreck

Paleozoic Pastimes

Puzzling the Sages

Four Queens

Picking Flowers

Salome

Phosphor and Hesper

The Knighthood of Boyhood

Up to the Minute

How Wild are Waves?

Slickers and Slackers

Ships that Pass Muster

Should Woman Smoke?

Romantic Polyglot

Her Distinction

Ingratitude Outdone

Why the Cowboy Died

Optismistic Observations

The Thinker

Our Mystic Spells

Up in Fancy, Down in Fact

Love’s Limitations

Inspector George Daniel

Tribute to Harry Culmer


*************************************************************************

The poetry book above has an example of a poem that can teach about the Snake River and it's history and importance to the people who depend on it's water resources.

I would like to recommend a reference/resource book:  Project Learning Tree  https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/7521582727

The particular edition of Project Learning Tree, with which I am familiar, was first published in 1995. The publisher is the American Forest Foundation, Washington D.C.  Project Learning Tree is a program of the American Forest Foundation and the Western Regional Environmental Education Council.
I actually took training to use the activities in the book, but for teachers and scout leaders no training is necessary because the descriptions of the activities are very clearly explained. The format of the book is user friendly and there are helpful illustrations. The activities are engaging and even though the activities revolve around teaching content about trees, I've used the activities to teach other science content, like astromony. I highly recomment this resource for enriching environmental education. I have also used the activities with high school students and adults.
For example, one of the chapters that my students found fun and valuable for learning was the chapter titled Poet-Tree. Different types of rhyming and poetry are explained and students are encouraged to write some poetry about trees. This poetry could include facts, feelings about trees, and the environment. They can even create a book of poetry. The poetry reflects what they are learning, so it can also be used as an assessment. This is also a good way to encourage reading in the content area because there are books of science poetry. Including "The Lorax" by Dr. Suess who speaks for the trees!
A copy of the book, Project Learning Tree, can be read on the Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/projectlearningt00amer

Tuesday, November 12, 2024

Reading In The Content Area - Science


                                        READING IN THE CONTENT AREA - SCIENCE

While looking over my reading list, I was reminded that there was a book I had read, which was not on my list.  When I looked up the book on Goodreads, I discovered that no one had written a review, so I am taking it upon myself to provide a review because The Human Environment by Michael Treshow is a book that I highly recommend for a variety of reasons.  I also wanted to review the book because I actually knew and worked with Dr. Treshow.  The book and the writing in it reflect his talent in teaching environmental biology.  

Dr. Treshow was a highly admired professor of botany for 35 years at the University of Utah.  He received his biological training at UCLA and earned a Ph.D. at UC Davis.  He also taught other courses from time-to-time, including Mycology and Human Ecology.  He wrote The Human Environment as the text book that he used to teach Human Ecology.  Additionally, Dr. Treshow studied the effects of gaseous air pollution and he served as a consultant to US Steel in assisting to mitigate damage to vegetation from air pollution.  His research was internationally recognized and helped us to understand the effects of acid rain and air pollution. 

As a student of Dr. Treshow’s, I took his Field Botany, Mycology, and Human Ecology courses and I was a graduate student in his laboratory where I studied the causes of the decline of the Cattail population in marshes adjacent to the Great Salt Lake.

The book is a perfect example of an introductory textbook.  The writing is conversational, thoughtful, and thought provoking.  The ideas are presented, in brief, with classic examples of basic concepts in environmental and human biology.   There are relevant black-and-white photographs, and graphic illustrations to assist with understanding.  The beginning of each Chapter begins with an interesting author’s quote.  Each chapter is summarized with a brief conclusion.  At the end of each chapter, there are a few selected readings, which are original source articles that have become classic and must-read papers and books in environmental science.  I’ve kept my copy of the book because it contains valuable resource material and excellent explanations of humans and their relationship with Earth’s ecosphere.  The book is also a superb example of scientific writing for the purposes of teaching.  One of the most valuable explanations in the book is the explanation of The Laws of Thermodynamics and how these laws apply to living systems.  I have never found a better explanation.  I was witness to many days of discussions about the book between Dr. Franklin K. Anderson who was Dr. Treshow’s Ph.D. student at the time; they took great care to make sure every sentence, word, and especially the section on thermodynamics, was perfectly written. They also made sure the writing was factually correct and checked all the references.

This book does need an improvement.  Because it was published in 1976, it is out-of-date by nearly 50 years.  It would be helpful to publish an updated edition, if someone had a mind to do it and could get permission to update the material in the same style in which the book was written.  As it is, the book can be a good teaching lesson. A teacher could have students read a chapter as science history, and students could present in some way what has happened, since the 1970’s, to add to our understanding of the given topic.   The book can be read on the Internet Archive https://archive.org/details/humanenvironment0000tres/mode/2up

The contents of the book begin with:

Preface

Introduction

                PART ONE/FROM OUR BEGINNINGS

Here are the titles of the chapters:

                CHAPTER 1/The Unity of Life

                                Energy

                                Order

                                Environmental Perturbation

                                Ecosystems

                                Entropy

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 2/The Exchange of Information

                                Communication

                                Information

                                Error Control

                                Higher-Order Systems

                                Proteins

                                Chromosomes and Genes

                                DNA

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 3/Stability and Variation

                                Variation

                                Natural Selection

                                Variability versus Reliability

                                Cybernetic Systems

                                Fire as a Regulating Mechanism

                                Predictive Information

                                Ecological Niche

                                Regulation in Ecosystems

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 4/The Behavior Strategy

                                Survival

                                Behavior and Environment

                                A Model:  Dog Drinking Water

                                A Generalized Model

                                READ Subprogram

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 5/Emergence of Culture

                                Living in Groups

                                Parent-Infant Bond

                                The Emergence of Homo Sapiens

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 6/Agriculture and Population Growth

                                Meeting Basic Energy Needs

                                Primitive Agriculture

                                Population Surges

                                Growth and limits to Biological Populations

                                Cultural Influences on Population Projections

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                PART TWO/TOWARD ENVIRONMENTAL HOMICIDE

                CHAPTER 7/Industry and Agriculture

                                The Rise of Technology

                                The Labor Supply

                                Environmental Effects

                                Agricultural Growth

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 8/Carrying Capacity of the Land

                                Malthus’s Dismal Theorem

                                Food Needs

                                Improving Productivity

                                Water Limitations

                                Farming Practices and Land Use

                                World Production Potential

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 9/Seafood, Synthetics, and Other Protein Sources

                                Producers and Consumers of the Sea

                                Increasing Yields

                                Potential Protein Sources

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 10/Agricultural Pest Control

                                Plant Pests as Part of the Environment

                                The Need for Pest Control

                                Pesticides in the Ecosystem

                                Conclusion

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 11/The Energy Era

                                Energy “Needs”

                                The rise of Industry

                                The Emergence of Electricity

                                The Internal Combustions Engine

                                Technological Man

                                Fossil Fuel Resources

                                Nuclear Power

                                Winds and Water

                                Geothermal Power

                                Solar Energy

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 12/The Pollutions Associated with Energy Production

                                Power Generation

                                Sources of Pollution

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 13/Mineral Wealth and Waste

                                Historical Significance

                                Environmental Impact

                                Mineral Resource Depletion

                                Mineral Reserves of the Sea

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 14/The Environment of the City

                                Historical Background

                                The Urban Environment

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 15/The Transportation Spiral

                                The Railway

                                The Automobile

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                PART THREE/THE PRICE OF SURVIVAL

                CHAPTER 16/Happiness is an Elusive Quality

                                Measures of Quality

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 17/The Economics of Growth

                                Economic Dependence

                                The Bases for Economic Systems

                                Economic Growth

                                Gross National Product

                                Steady-State Economy

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 18/Quality of Life in the City

                                The Character of the City

                                Urban Limitations

                                Solutions

                                The Stability of the City

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 19/The Need for Nature

                                Biological Need

                                The Conquest of Nature

                                Further Description

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 20/The Utopian Dream

                                Spirit of Cooperation

                                Utopian Thinking

                                The Supernatural as a Governing Force

                                Emergence of Free Thought

                                Sharing the Profits of Technology

                                Conduct between the Individual and the Species

                                Solutions

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                CHAPTER 21/Our Genetic Future

                                The Gene Pool

                                The Social Environment

                                Genetic Manipulation

                                Psychological Control

                                The Future

                                Moral Judgements

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

 

                CHAPTER 22/Confidence of Tomorrow

                                The Stages of Civilization

                                Resource Adjustment

                                Social Conditions

                                Competition and Cooperation

                                The Individual, the Unit of Society

                                Environmental Conscience

                                Future Quality of Life

                                Ecological Laws

                                Conclusions

                                Selected Readings

                APPENDIX

                                Background Information

                                                The Laws of Thermodynamics

                                                Entropy

                                                Essential Amino Acids

                                                The Productive Capacity of a Nation

                GLOSSARY

                INDEX

Friday, July 28, 2023

Reading in the Content Area - Science

Black Apollo of Science: The Life of Ernest Everett Just

Science is a human endeavor. The facts written in a biology textbook came from people who collaborated and worked together to answer questions about the nature of living organisms and what makes the living different from nonliving materials. The facts are the result of the human endeavor in science. Ernest Everett Just (1883-1941) was one of those extraordinary scientists whose discoveries are written into textbooks as facts without the human background being mentioned as part of the established body of factual knowledge. Dr. Just studied sea urchin egg cells, cytoplasm of cells, and fertilization. He coined the word "ectoplasm" to denote the part of the cell's cytoplasm near the cell's surface. The previously mentioned areas of study are just part of his contributions to science. Mr. Manning, the author of Black Apollo of Science, has written a detailed and comprehensive biography of Dr. Just. The biography was thorough in its research and includes the story of Just's life, the time in history during which Just lived, and the people involved in Just's career. Everything, both good and bad is included. It is no wonder that the book won a Pulitzer Prize. At the back of the book, there is a complete bibliography of Just's published works. The bibliography is followed by 53 pages of research citations and acknowledgements; an index is included. I purchased and read the paperback version and am disappointed in Oxford University Press. The print is way too small to be comfortably read; smaller than newsprint or the phone book, and the pull quotes are even smaller; the paper is low quality. Therefore, I recommend getting a version that can be read electronically, so that the type can be adjusted to a larger size. I recommend this book to students (and their teachers) who are seriously thinking about a career in science. They will certainly have something to think about, after they have read about Just's career and life. There are shorter and more easily read biographies about Just for younger or curious learners on the internet. Some Locations: [South Carolina: Charleston, James Island, Colored Normal Industrial Agricultural and Mechanical College (now South Carolina State University) at Orangeburg; New Hampshire: Kimble Union Academy at Meriden, Dartmouth at Hanover; Chicago: University of Chicago; Washington D.C.: Howard University; Massachusetts: Woods Hole in Falmouth; Germany: Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institute in Berlin, Dahlem; Austria: Graz; Italy: Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn of Naples; Switzerland; France: The Station Biologique at Roscoff]



Friday, November 26, 2021

Climate Change and The Great Salt Lake

NOAA satellites show Changes in the Great Salt Lake Over Twelve Years Through Enhanced Color Imaging

https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/news/noaa-satellites-show-changes-the-great-salt-lake-over-twelve-years-through-enhanced-color-imaging

University of Utah Research is Making Progress on Great Salt Lake Monitoring and Restoration - 2025 Report

https://attheu.utah.edu/facultystaff/utah-is-making-progress-on-great-salt-lake/


 https://www.sltrib.com/news/environment/2021/11/22/great-salt-lake-is-dying/

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/148700/record-low-for-great-salt-lake


CATTAIL DECLINE AT FARMINGTON BAY WATERFOWL MANAGEMENT AREA

https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol37/iss1/2/ or https://www.researchgate.net/publication/243963123_CATTAIL_DECLINE_AT_FARMINGTON_BAY_WATERFOWL_MANAGEMENT_AREA'


Utah's Great Salt Lake shrinks to unsustainable levels amid a decades-long megadrought
The PBS News Hour    October 18, 2022
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsBXpt5RIsQ

In June of 1975, when I was doing my research near the Great Salt Lake on the decline of cattails, the Great Salt Lake water level was 4201.3 feet (U.S. Geological Survey).  As of today (October 24, 2022), the water level is 4,185.6.    https://www.usgs.gov/centers/utah-water-science-center/science/great-salt-lake-elevations


The link below will take you to a summary article on inland water changes that have occurred because of climate change.  Included with the summary article, is a link to a PDF of the cover article that can be downloaded.  Along with world-wide inland water problems caused by drought, the water levels of the Great Salt Lake are described.  Also included, in the PDF, are stunning photographs of the Great Salt Lake's environmental and ecosystem changes.  One photograph of a thunderstorm  shows how harmful dust can be spread into the air.

CLIMATE CHANGE

Water worries

As the climate changes, scientists study how droughts affect our inland waters

Howes, Laura. 2022. Chemical and Engineering News, 100(38), pp 26-33, October 31, 2022

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-10038-cover


Great Salt Lake Levels are Rising - January 2023

     Great Salt Lake may disappear in 5 years 

https://www.cnn.com/2023/01/06/us/great-salt-lake-disappearing-drought-climate/index.html

     Water Levels have risen 1 foot because of winter storms

https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/great-salt-lake-water-levels-135103623.html

https://www.abc4.com/news/local-news/rainy-days-in-utah-are-raising-water-levels-at-great-salt-lake/

https://www.sltrib.com/news/2023/01/18/celebrating-small-wins-great/#:~:text=%7C%20Jan.,%2C%202023%2C%201%3A18%20p.m.&text=From%20the%20depths%20of%20Utah's,reached%20in%20early%20November%202022.